Chronic stress as a modifier of cancer biology: Mechanisms linking neuroendocrine signaling to tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and recurrence.
Chronic stress is a systemic disruptor of physiological homeostasis that can influence cancer biology by altering neuroendocrine, immune, metabolic, and stromal processes. While the association between stress and cancer has long been hypothesized, increasing evidence has begun to clarify molecular and cellular mechanis...