Open access
Aug 2026
Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Inflammatory, and Metabolic Biomarkers with Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study
NPDR was associated with lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations, systemic inflammation, and a less favorable LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, and a multivariable model integrating inflammatory, metabolic, and nutritional biomarkers showed better discriminatory performance than individual biomarkers.
A. Dascălu, C. Grigorescu, Adriana Georgescu et al.
· Biomedicines · 0 citations