Maternal and neonatal outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study stratified by fasting hyperglycemia phenotype.
BACKGROUND AND AIM Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) encompasses distinct metabolic phenotypes. While post-load glucose spikes reflect peripheral insulin resistance, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) reflects hepatic insulin resistance. This study aims to characterize GDM phenotypes stratified by baseline fasting glucos...