Saponin derivative and MPLA-adjuvanted intranasal protein nanoparticle vaccines induce potent mucosal immunity and durable heterologous influenza protection in mice.
Mucosal immunity is essential for defenses against respiratory infections, such as influenza. Identifying adjuvant formulations that enhance mucosal immune responses in the respiratory tract will facilitate the development of effective mucosal vaccines. In this study, we explored the mucosal application of a novel semi...