Uncertainty quantification in time-lapse full-waveform inversion of vertical seismic profiling data: contrasting the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo and Stein Variational Gradient Descent methods
Time-lapse full-waveform inversion (TL-FWI) is increasingly important in energy-transition applications, particularly for monitoring CO2 geological storage. Because TL-FWI is highly nonlinear and baseline and monitor surveys commonly differ in acquisition, illumination, and noise conditions, uncertainty quantificatio...