Threshold Dynamics, Stability and Sensitivity Analysis of a Multi-hosts West Nile Virus Model Incorporating Lateral Transmission in Hosts and Vertical Transmission in the Vector Population
West Nile virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that cycles between Culex mosquitoes and birds, with humans as incidental, dead-end hosts. Existing compartmental models of the virus focused mainly on the cross-transmission route and therefore ignore the lateral routes that operate within the avian and human populations...