This review presents an architecture-centered synthesis of LiDAR-based SLAM, covering LiDAR-only and LiDAR-inertial systems through a dual-axis, architecture-centered taxonomy, and highlights the field’s progression toward continuous-time estimation, semantic scene understanding, adaptive map representations, neural im...
E. Muhammed, A. Shaker· Italian National Conference...· 0 citations
The transition toward urban-scale digital twin and smart city management requires survey-grade 3D basemaps, yet conventional documentation remains time-consuming and prone to inaccuracies. While Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) offers rapid 3D acquisition, capturing complex, GNSS-denied multi-story interiors frequently...
Mohamed H. Salaheldin, A. Shaker, Song-Nian Li· Applied Sciences· 0 citations
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