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A. Suttee

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Review Open access Aug 2026

Polysaccharide based biomaterials for advanced wound healing applications.

Healing a wound is a complex biological process involving hemostasis, inflammation, cell proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Ad interim, polysaccharide based biomaterials have also attracted significant attention in wound healing due to their intrinsic biocompatibility, biodegradability and structural versatility, and ability to actively modulate the wound microenvironment. This review focuses on key polysaccharides, including alginate, chitosan and hyaluronic acid and discusses their roles across different stages of wound healing by correlating material structure with biological performance. The relationship between material structure and biological performance is discussed to understand their therapeutic effects. Recent advances in hybrid biomaterials, ion-coordination strategies, and stimuli-responsive dressings are highlighted for their roles in enhancing antimicrobial activity, promoting angiogenesis, and enabling controlled therapeutic delivery. Special emphasis is also placed on the emerging role of polysaccharide-based biomaterials in combating chronic wound-associated biofilms through disruption of the extracellular polymeric substance matrix, modulation of quorum-sensing pathways, and localized antimicrobial delivery. These multifunctional approaches improve infection control while simultaneously supporting tissue regeneration, thereby addressing one of the principal challenges associated with chronic wound management. The purpose of this review is to look at the impact of the use of these materials on the environment, specifically by looking at both their biodegradability and lessening of our dependency on synthetic polymers, as well as presenting an integrated design framework that links the composition, physicochemical characteristics, and biological demands of biomaterials within a time-based context to provide a rational approach for developing future wound dressings. Despite promising progress, challenges related to reproducibility, scalability, and clinical translation remain significant, underscoring the need for standardized evaluation and interdisciplinary approaches.

Pritiman Pothal, Sunny Chugh, Guramrit Kaur et al. · 0 citations
Review Jul 2026

Pharmacological activities and mechanistic insights of justicidin variants: a multi-target natural lignans.

Justicidins are naturally occurring arylnaphthalene lignans found mainly in Justicia species, with documented anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective activities. They target several biochemical pathways, such as NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and have the potential to serve as multi-target drugs for complex diseases. Although there have been several in vitro and in vivo studies, most remain preclinical and isolated, with little consideration of structure-activity relationships, pharmacokinetics, and translational relevance. This review provides a pathway-centric, integrative review of justicidins, links structures to activities, pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties of analogues, and explores synergy with current drugs. We also discuss developments in analytical, biosynthetic, and formulation that might expedite drug discovery. However, key challenges include low water solubility, low bioavailability, the absence of chronic toxicity studies, and a lack of clinical trials. To overcome these challenges, it is important to focus on optimization, GMP production, chronic toxicity evaluation, and early clinical evaluation. With focused development, justicidins have the potential to go from natural products to therapeutic leads against cancer, inflammation, and viral infections.

Neeraj Choudhary, Vinod Kumar Gauttam, Dinesh Kumar et al. · 3 citations