A. Utomo

Comparing LSTM, Bi-LSTM, and Transformer Across Feature Scenarios for Rupiah Exchange Rate Forecasting

This study compares LSTM, Bi-LSTM, and Transformer models for one-step-ahead JISDOR forecasting across eight feature scenarios using historical JISDOR, IHSG, Brent oil prices, and inflation. The dataset comprised 1,300 chronological observations from January 2021 to May 2026. Evaluation used chronology-safe preprocessi...