Combined Effects of Sampling Dates, Insecticide Treatment and Cropping System on Bruchids (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) Oviposition and Egg Parasitism by Uscana lariophaga Steffan, 1954, (Hymenoptera:Trichogrammatidae) in Cowpea Vigna unguicula
Background: Cowpea production is affected by bruchid infestation, while the indigenous egg parasitoid Uscana lariophaga contributes to natural mortality of bruchid eggs. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the combined effects of cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. phenology, insecticide application and cropping system...