A Generalized Scalar Auxiliary Variable Method for Structure-Preserving and Efficient Integration of Nonlinear port-Hamiltonian DAEs
An energy-optimal generalized scalar auxiliary variable (EOP-GSAV) framework for nonlinear index-one port-Hamiltonian differential-algebraic equations (pH-DAEs) is developed, exploiting the port-Hamiltonian structure to separate the nonlinear effort, interconnection, and dissipation terms from a constant implicit core.