Unilateral Biportal Endoscopy in Spinal Surgery:Current Evidence, Surgical Techniques, Clinical Outcomes, Complications, Learning Curve, and Future Perspectives
Unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE), also termed biportal endoscopic spine surgery, has emerged as a versatile minimally invasive platform for lumbar decompression, discectomy, and interbody fusion. Separate viewing and working portals combine endoscopic visualization with independent manipulation of conventional spina...