Multi-Horizon Causality Dynamics Among Gold, Currency, and Equity Markets: Evidence from Türkiye
Purpose – This study examines the dynamic linkages among global gold prices (XAUUSD), the Turkish lira-U.S. dollar exchange rate (USDTRY), and the Borsa İstanbul 100 index (XU100) over the period 2015-2025, providing a comprehensive understanding of their interconnected behaviors across different time horizons. Design...