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Open access Aug 2026

A controlled analysis of lightweight CNN variants for chilli leaf disease classification with class weighting, label smoothing and class imbalance handling

Accurate and timely recognition of chilli leaf disorders is essential for reducing crop loss and supporting efficient disease management in practical agricultural environments. However, multi-class chilli leaf disease classification remains challenging because visually similar symptoms can arise from fungal infection,...

Ali Raza, Fareeha Hanif, Maryam Iqbal et al. · 0 citations
Open access Aug 2026

A Q-learning-assisted self-healing wireless sensor network for industrial carbon capture monitoring: a controlled HIL study

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) used for carbon capture and storage (CCS) monitoring must maintain low latency, high packet delivery ratio, rapid recovery after node or link failure, and stable energy consumption under harsh industrial conditions. Existing static and reactive adaptive routing approaches often treat f...

Abed Saif Ahmed Alghawli, Ali Raza, Suzan Hassan Bakhit et al. · 0 citations
Open access Aug 2026

MLHNet-Lung: an attention-guided multi-level CNN–transformer fusion framework with CBAM and GeM pooling for explainable multiclass lung CT image classification

The proposed MLHNet-Lung framework for image-level classification of adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma, normal, and squamous cell carcinoma CT slices demonstrates the value of jointly modeling complementary intermediate and high-level CT representations; however, patient-level multicenter validation and clinically v...

Fareeha Hanif, A. Ahmed, Ali Raza · 0 citations
Open access Aug 2026

Dynamic routing with deterministic scheduling and self-healing recovery for industrial thermal storage networks in a hybrid physical emulation testbed

A Thermal-State-Aware Dynamic Routing (TSDR) method that integrates thermal criticality with link delay, jitter, packet-delivery probability, congestion, energy cost, and fault risk in a constrained multi-criteria path-selection framework is proposed.

Abed Saif Ahmed Alghawli, Ali Raza, Altahir Saad Ahmed et al. · 0 citations
Open access Jul 2026

FBR-PAEKS: revocable public-key authenticated keyword search with forward privacy for dynamic cloud environments

This study presents Forward-private and Binary-tree-Revocable PAEKS (FBR-PAEKS), a public-key authenticated encryption with keyword search scheme for secure multi-user cloud environments that integrates forward privacy and cryptographic revocation in a single construction. The proposed scheme supports expressive keyw...

Mishal Ismaeel, Ali Raza · 0 citations
Open access Sep 2026

A coordinated post-quantum mesh and route-aware zero-trust framework for smart-grid IoT communication utilizing simulation and attack evaluation

This study proposes a coordinated migration-oriented framework that integrates ML-KEM-1024 key establishment, ML-DSA-87 authentication, authenticated RPL mesh routing, and route-aware zero-trust validation that provides a practical security and migration layer for AMI, DER, and substation communication, while full stan...

A. Alghawli, Ali Raza, Altahir Saad Ahmed et al. · 0 citations

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