Characterization of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) resistance to Cry1Ac soybean in Brazil: inheritance patterns, cross-resistance and fitness costs.
BACKGROUND Bt soybean varieties that express Cry1Ac protein are vital for controlling Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) in Brazil, yet their widespread adoption in Brazil has increased the risk of Cry1Ac resistance evolution. This study assessed inheritance, cross-resistance, and fitness costs of H. armigera resistance to...