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Author

Aristeidis Panagiotou

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Open access Aug 2026

Epigenetic silencing of innate and adaptive immunity genes underlies the immune evasion cancer hallmark in Theileria-infected B-cells.

Cancer hallmarks are characterized by wide-scale changes in gene expression programs. Pioneering studies showed how viral oncogenes target regulatory pathways, but little is known about tumorigenic mechanisms of non-viral pathogens. Theileria annulata is an intracellular parasite (related to apicomplexa parasites causing malaria) which remarkably transforms bovine leukocytes, hijacking host signaling pathways to induce cancer phenotypes, akin to human leukemias. While some host genes contribute to the proliferative or invasive hallmark phenotypes, there is still limited comprehensive understanding of the impact of Theileria infection on host transcription and transformation. We performed a multi-omics meta-analysis to investigate the effect of Theileria infection on cancer hallmarks in bovine B lymphocytes. Combining transcriptomic, proteomic and epigenomic analysis across multiple datasets, we show that Theileria infection suppresses host immune pathways. Specifically, genes encoding innate and adaptive immune mediators are repressed in T. annulata-infected B cells (and in T. parva infected T cells), including downregulation of genes for Toll-like receptors (TLR), inflammasome components of the guanylate binding protein (GBP) family and major histocompatibility complex class (MHC) II genes. Treatment with distinct theilericidal drugs could partially rescue immune gene expression. Mechanistically, we describe alterations in the host epigenome, including loss of activating histone modifications (e.g., H3K18ac, H3K4me3, H3K27ac) on the promoters of repressed immune genes, and enrichment of silencing marks (H3K27me3) on promoters of the BOLA genes and the gene encoding CIITA, the master transcriptional regulator of MHC class II gene expression. Our results suggest that intracellular T. annulata and T. parva parasites could drive an immune evasion cancer hallmark in host lymphocytes by epigenetic silencing of genes for innate and adaptive immunity.

Marisol Giacomini, Aristeidis Panagiotou, Steve G. Odette et al. · 0 citations
Jul 2026

The Co‐inherence of Natures: An Ontological Extension of Strong Structuration Theory

The participation of living organisms in social structural dynamics raises a question contemporary social theory has only begun to answer: What ontological vocabulary can specify how the natures of different kinds of beings coinhere within concrete structural situations? This article addresses that question by extending Rob Stones's strong structuration theory (SST) and integrating Ted Benton's critical naturalism with conceptual resources drawn from the Maximian‐Palamite tradition, namely the apparatus of nature‐as‐energy ( physis‐energeia ), hypostasis, hexis and perichōrēsis . Philosophically reconstructed in recent scholarship, these concepts are mobilised not as confessional commitments but as a social ontological grammar, one that resists both the monism of flat ontologies, in which stable natures dissolve into a single process, and the dualism of nature and society that has long structured social thought. So equipped, the theorist‐researcher can analyse how ontologically different natures, principally human and animal, co‐inhere within structural conjunctures, each actively present through its own energies and dispositions, without either collapsing their differences or merely juxtaposing them. The framework is applied heuristically, through theorist's pattern analysis, to intensive pig farming in the European Union, where antibiotic resistance, welfare‐driven regulatory change and zoonotic emergence are analysed as coinherent outcomes in which dominated organisms affect, constrain and sometimes destabilise the structures that dominate them. The contribution is to demonstrate that a philosophical tradition developed to think the unity‐in‐difference of natures yields resources both rigorous and productive for the analysis of the structured situations in which, increasingly, many of the most pressing questions of social life are now posed.

Aristeidis Panagiotou · 0 citations