Open access
Jul 2026
Benchmarking Multimodal Large Language Models for Cardiopulmonary Findings on Chest Radiographs: Sex-Stratified Discrimination and Operating Characteristics
Commercial MLLMs differ considerably in operating profiles, ranging from ultraconservative to aggressive detection, so that strong aggregate discrimination can mask sensitivity too low for reliable detection.
Matteo Haupt, Arne Bischoff, Myriam Atoubi et al.
· Diagnostics · 0 citations