Design of Optimized FOPID Controller for Performance and Stability Enhancement in Nonlinear Wind–Hydro Turbine Systems
Nonlinear wind–hydro systems exhibit strong coupling, stochastic wind and inflow variations, and multi‐objective control needs for stability, power balance, and cost optimization. Fractional‐order proportional‐integral‐derivative (FOPID) controllers develop tuning flexibility, dynamic response, and robustness for win...