Integrated Parameter-State Estimation and Deep Learning Forecasting for Measles Dynamics Using Hybrid Evolutionary Filtering
Measles transmission in Indonesia remains difficult to predict due to its high transmissibility and irregular outbreaks. This paper proposes a hybrid GA-EKF-LSTM framework to estimate and forecast measles dynamics through the $\mathrm{S V}_{1} \mathrm{V}_{2} \mathrm{E I H R}$ compartmental model, calibrated to monthly...