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Deep Learning–Based Instance Segmentation for Automated Dental Diagnosis: A Comparative Study of Mask R-CNN, YOLOv8, Faster R-CNN, and DETR Architectures

This study presents a comparative evaluation of deep learning architectures for automated instance segmentation of teeth and dental pathologies, including cavities, caries, and cracks, in dental images. Four state-of-the-art models—Mask R-CNN with ResNet50-FPN-V2 backbone, YOLOv8m, Faster R-CNN, and DETR—were implement...