B. Ndaba

Double Informality and Labour Precarity: The Invisible Workforce in South Africa’s Street Vending Economy

This paper examines the underexplored phenomenon of “double informality” within the informal economy of rural and semi-rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. While street vending is widely acknowledged as a key livelihood strategy, limited attention has been paid to the hidden layer of labour within this sector shopkeepers...