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Author

B. S. Zainal

2 papers indexed here

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Sep 2026

Enhancing methane production from chicken manure mono-digestion: Optimisation of temperature and dilution parameters via response surface methodology

Chicken manure (CM) is a nitrogen-rich waste stream with significant potential for renewable energy recovery; however, its mono-digestion is often constrained by ammonia inhibition, limiting process efficiency and scalability. This study investigates the optimisation of CM mono-digestion using response surface method...

B. S. Zainal, H. Mohamed, A. S. Silitonga et al. · 0 citations
Open access Oct 2026

Integrated Energy, Economic, and Environmental Assessment of BEVs, FCEVs, and ICEVs Using the Triple-E Efficiency Framework

Vehicle technologies are commonly evaluated using energy consumption, operating cost, and environmental impact as separate indicators, which can lead to conflicting technology rankings. This study applies the Triple-E Efficiency (η3e) framework to integrate energy efficiency (ηe), economic efficiency (ηo), and environm...

B. S. Zainal, Noor Faizah Che Harun, T. M. Indra Mahlia · 0 citations

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