Study of Replacement of Sand with Electroplating Waste Sludge (EWS) in Manufacturing of Concrete Paver Blocks Using Different Binder Systems
Electroplating waste sludge (EWS) is a hazardous industrial residue containing metal-bearing phases, while the growing demand for natural river sand creates a parallel resource-conservation challenge. This study evaluates processed EWS as a partial replacement of Zone II natural river sand in M40 concrete paver blocks...