Natural antioxidant products and nanomaterial-based delivery systems for the amelioration of diabetic retinopathy: mechanisms, applications, and translational perspectives
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading global cause of vision loss, closely linked to hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and pathological angiogenesis. Natural antioxidants exhibit great therapeutic potential against DR but are severely limited by poor solubility, low bioavailability, and ins...