BACKGROUND
Heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive marker of autonomic regulation that may be related to suicide risk, but longitudinal evidence in inpatients is limited. This study examined one-week HRV dynamics and suicide-risk reduction in depressive inpatients.
METHODS
This retrospective one-week longitudinal study included 177 inpatients with major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BD) during a depressive episode. Suicide risk was assessed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), and HRV was measured at admission and after one week. Patients were classified as low suicide risk (LSR, n = 96) or moderate-to-high suicide risk (MHSR, n = 81). Linear mixed-effects models and multivariable regression were used.
RESULTS
The MHSR group was younger (FDR-P = 0.003) and had higher Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores (FDR-P = 0.005). At admission, the MHSR group showed higher average heart rate (AHR) and low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF), and lower standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), root mean square of successive RR interval differences (RMSSD), and high-frequency power (HF) (all FDR-P ≤ 0.05); these differences were no longer significant at week 1. RMSSD showed a significant time × group interaction (FDR-P = 0.026). Greater suicide-risk reduction was associated with decreased AHR (FDR-P = 0.041) and increased SDNN, RMSSD, total power (TP), low-frequency power (LF), and HF (all FDR-P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Higher suicide risk was associated with altered autonomic regulation at admission. HRV changes over one week were associated with suicide-risk reduction, suggesting that HRV may provide dynamic physiological information for longitudinal inpatient suicide-risk monitoring.
Yi Wang, Chaohua Huang, Bao-Yi Zhong et al.· Journal of Affective Disorde...· 0 citations
BACKGROUND
Problematic social media use (PSMU) is a prevalent behavioral concern among adolescents and is closely linked to a range of adverse mental health outcomes. This study aimed to explore the heterogeneous structure of PSMU in Chinese adolescents using latent profile analysis (LPA), and to investigate differences in demographic characteristics, peer victimization, and psychological and sleep outcomes across latent profiles.
METHODS
A total of 51,219 middle and high school students participated in this cross-sectional study. All participants completed self-report questionnaires including the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (MPVS). LPA was conducted to identify distinct PSMU subgroups. Chi-square tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were applied to examine group differences.
RESULTS
A three-profile solution was selected as optimal based on model fit indices (AIC, BIC, SABIC), entropy, and bootstrapped likelihood ratio test (BLRT). The three profiles represented a gradient of PSMU severity: low-risk, moderate-risk, and high-risk (accounting for 10.50% of the sample). Depression, anxiety, peer victimization, and sleep disturbance all increased monotonically with rising PSMU risk, demonstrating a robust dose-response relationship. All between-profile differences were statistically significant (all p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Adolescent PSMU exhibits a continuous three-level risk spectrum rather than discrete categorical subtypes. Mental health burden increases consistently with the severity of PSMU. These findings support the continuous model of problematic online behaviors and provide empirical support for stratified screening and targeted intervention strategies for adolescent PSMU.
Jingyuan Mai, Huan Gao, R. He et al.· Journal of Affective Disorde...· 0 citations