Prognostic Value of Tumor Budding and Worst Pattern of Invasion in Clinically Node-Negative Early-Stage Lip and Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review
Background: Early-stage squamous cell carcinoma of the lip and oral cavity may behave aggressively despite clinically negative cervical lymph nodes. Tumor budding (TB) and worst pattern of invasion (WPOI) have been proposed as histopathological markers of invasive behavior, but their prognostic value in cT1–2N0M0 disea...