Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema: Current Status and Future Perspective
ABSTRACT Background Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) is a clinical syndrome defined by the coexistence of upper‐lobe emphysema and lower‐lobe pulmonary fibrosis. It is characterized by clinical, functional, and radiologic features that differ significantly from isolated idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis or...