Preprint
Sep 2026
Hybrid epidemic simulation framework coupling equation-based and individual-based models
Mass gathering events like concerts, sports matches, and festivals bring many people into close contact within a short period, creating localized bursts of infection that can shape epidemic outcomes across an entire city. To evaluate how these transient transmission events translate into broader urban impacts, we devel...
Jaeyoung Kwak, Michael H. Lees, C. Ooi et al.
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