Carmine Zoccali

Endothelin receptor antagonism for resistant hypertension in chronic kidney disease: where does aprocitentan fit?

Resistant hypertension, defined as blood pressure (BP) above target despite maximally tolerated doses of at least three antihypertensive agents, including a diuretic, after excluding pseudo-resistance, is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and is associated with persistently low rates of BP control [ 1 , 2 ]. Unco...

Personalizing cardiovascular prevention in chronic kidney disease: an operational framework for risk-treatment mapping.

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) bear a disproportionate burden of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality, yet preventive strategies in clinical practice remain remarkably conservative and largely therapy-centered. The 2024 KDIGO guideline on CKD evaluation and management advocates the systematic use of...

The nephrologist in the present and near future: between algorithms and autonomy.