Celina Benavente

Hemoglobin E Associated with Hemoglobin Constant Spring: Diagnostic Challenges in Heterozygous and Homozygous States.

Hemoglobin E (HbE) is a common structural hemoglobin variant with a β+-thalassemic effect. Hemoglobin Constant Spring (HbCS) is the most prevalent non-deletional α-thalassemia variant and is characterized by low expression and marked instability, making detection difficult. The coexistence of both variants may produce...