Review
Open access
Oct 2026
Botanical polysaccharides as veterinary vaccine adjuvants: structure, receptors, and translational limits
Intensive livestock production depends critically on vaccination, yet the licensed veterinary adjuvant repertoire remains narrow, being dominated by aluminium salts and mineral-oil emulsions that offer limited control over response quality and cause injection-site reactions and carcass losses. Polysaccharides from Trad...
Ran Guan, Chao-Yun Yang
· Frontiers in Immunology · 0 citations