Online Parameter Optimization of an Adaptive Extended Kalman Filter Using the Starfish Optimization Algorithm for Lithium-Ion Battery State-of-Charge Estimation
: Accurate state-of-charge (SOC) estimation is an essential function of battery management systems (BMSs). Model-driven methods are widely used for SOC estimation because of their high estimation accuracy and moderate computational cost. However, the performance of the adaptive extended Kalman filter (AEKF) is highly d...