Mitochondrial Quality Control Imbalance in the Heterogeneity of Parkinson’s Disease: From Selective Vulnerability to Stratified Transformation
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a clinically and biologically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder in which variable symptom profiles, progression rates, and treatment responses likely reflect distinct but partially convergent pathogenic mechanisms. Among these, mitochondrial dysfunction recurs across both familial and...