MDV-like endogenous viral elements act as immune rheostats in Aedes cells by modulating defensin A-mediated responses to arboviruses
ABSTRACT Mosquito cell lines are essential tools for arbovirus research. Endogenous viral elements (EVEs) are prevalent in mosquito genomes, yet their functional effects on host immune responses remain unclear, potentially complicating experimental interpretations. In this study, we systematically characterized endogen...