THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR DEVELOPING A MECHANISM TO ATTRACT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF ENSURING THE STATE’S ECONOMIC SECURITY
This article examines the theoretical and methodological foundations for developing a mechanism to attract foreign direct investment in the context of ensuring the state’s economic security. It is argued that current transformations in the global economy, intensifying global competition for investment resources, the digitalization of economic processes, geopolitical instability, and the growing role of security factors necessitate a reevaluation of traditional approaches to shaping state investment policy. It is demonstrated that the effectiveness of attracting foreign direct investment is determined not only by the scale of investment inflows but also by the quality of the established mechanism, which ensures the alignment of the interests of the state, investors, and economic entities. This paper analyzes contemporary scholarly approaches to interpreting the economic essence of the mechanism for attracting foreign direct investment and finds that most of them focus primarily on individual instruments of state regulation or factors of investment attractiveness. The author proposes a definition of the mechanism for attracting foreign direct investment as an integrated system of interrelated institutional, regulatory, financial-economic, organizational, and informational-analytical elements aimed at creating a favorable investment environment, stimulating the inflow of foreign capital, its effective use, and ensuring the state’s long-term economic security. The principles for developing a mechanism for attracting foreign direct investment have been systematized, and its structural components, functions, and key instruments for implementing state investment policy have been identified. It is argued that the modern mechanism must be based on the principles of systematicity, comprehensiveness, transparency, adaptability, institutional stability, and a security-oriented approach. It is demonstrated that the effectiveness of the mechanism is determined by its ability to ensure not only an increase in the volume of foreign investment but also its qualitative impact on the technological modernization of the economy, the development of innovation, the enhancement of competitiveness, and the strengthening of the state’s economic security.