Impact of Prolonged Spaceflight on Cardiac Structure and Function: An Exploratory Longitudinal Observational Study.
BACKGROUND Gravitational gradients, ranging from the surface of the Earth (1 G) to the microgravity of spaceflight (0 G), including intermediate gravitational fields such as those on Mars (⅜ G), directly affect cardiovascular hemodynamics. We sought to track changes in cardiac structure and function over the course of...