Da-Lin Shi

PD-L1+ neutrophils at the invasive margin drive contact-dependent CD8+ T cell exhaustion in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis

Introduction Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE), a lethal chronic helminth infection caused by Echinococcus multilocularis, is characterized by pronounced local immune evasion and progressive CD8+ T cell exhaustion at the parasite?host invasive margin. However, the spatial cellular network and core regulatory subset...