Neuroimmune Dynamics of the Microglia-astrocyte Axis: Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders as a Double-edged Sword.
INTRODUCTION Maintaining homeostasis in the Central Nervous System (CNS) requires constant, bidirectional molecular interactions between microglia and astrocytes. This intercellular communication, mediated by cytokines, extracellular vesicles, purinergic signals, and connexin hemichannels, synchronizes immune surveilla...