Generative versus discriminative diagnostic performance of large multimodal models in intracranial and spinal neuroradiology
This study evaluated three large multimodal models (LMMs), GPT-5.2, Gemini 3 Pro, and Claude Opus 4.5, on 252 intracranial and spinal neuroradiology cases from the paywall-protected RSNA Case Collection using a two-stage paradigm comparing open-ended generative reasoning with multiple-choice discriminative recognitio...