Dong Feng

A distinguished-limit Gardner–Kawahara model for internal-wave–forced near-critical gravity–capillary ripples and Wilton-type spectra

We investigate gravity–capillary surface ripples radiated by a nonlinear internal solitary-wave–type disturbance near the critical Bond number, where third-order dispersion weakens and fifth-order effects become essential. A coupled unidirectional reduction is developed, in which the internal mode follows Gardner dynam...