High-Yield and High-Titer Production of Levulinic Acid from Red Macroalgae via Sulfuric Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis: Optimization by Response Surface Methodology and Application to Actual Biomass
Levulinic acid (LA) is a versatile bio-based platform chemical with wide-ranging applications in biofuels, solvents, and biodegradable materials. To establish an efficient LA production strategy, red macroalgae were selected as the biomass feedstock due to their high carbohydrate content—particularly galactan, which is...