Background:Ambulatory anaesthesiahas become an important component of modern surgical practice due to rapid recovery, early discharge, reduced hospital stay, and improved patient satisfaction. Propofol and sevoflurane are commonly used anaesthetic agents for day-care surgeries because oftheir favourable pharmacological properties. The present study was conducted to compare the induction and recovery characteristics of propofol and sevoflurane in adult patients undergoing day-care tonsillectomy.Methodology:This randomized prospective study was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesiology, Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences, Kulasekharam, from January 2025 to December 2025. Eighty patients aged between 13 and 40 years belonging to ASA physical status I and II undergoing elective tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy were included in the study. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups of 40 each. Group P received propofol for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia, while Group S received sevoflurane. Haemodynamic parameters, induction characteristics, Phase I and Phase II recovery profiles, and postoperative complications were assessed and compared.Results:The distribution of Mallampati classification between the two groups was statistically comparable (p=0.28). Mean arterial pressure values were generally lower in the propofol group at all observed time intervals; however, the differences were not statistically significant. The Phase I recovery profile showed no statistically significant difference between Group P and Group S (p=0.29). Similarly, the Phase II recovery profile was also statistically comparable between the groups (p=0.19). Both anaesthetic agents provided satisfactory induction, stable intraoperative conditions, and rapid recovery suitable for ambulatory surgery.Conclusion:Both propofol and sevoflurane were found to be safe and effective anaesthetic agents for day-care adult tonsillectomy. The induction characteristics, haemodynamic responses, and recovery profiles were comparable between the two groups. Hence, both agents can be effectively used in ambulatory tonsillectomy procedures depending on clinical preference and patient suitability.
S. T. Priyadarshan, Balakrishnan· Asian Journal of Medical Res...· 0 citations
Background: Caudal epidural block is a commonly used regional anesthetic technique for anorectal surgeries because it provides effective intraoperative anesthesia and postoperative analgesia with minimal hemodynamic disturbances. Addition of adjuvants such as ketamine to local anesthetic agents may improve the quality and duration of analgesia. The present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of caudal block using lignocaine alone and lignocaine combined with ketamine in adults undergoing anorectal surgeries. Methodology:This prospective randomized comparative study was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesiology at Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences from June 2025 to March 2026. Fifty patients aged between 20 and 60 years belonging to ASA Grade I and II undergoing anorectal surgeries were included in the study. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups of25 each. Group C received 30 ml of 1.5% lignocaine for caudal block, whereas Group T received 30 ml of 1.5% lignocaine combined with ketamine 0.5 mg/kg. Parameters assessed included onset of anesthesia, time to start surgery, sensory dermatome level, motor blockade, positional pain score, patient satisfaction, and surgeon satisfaction. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test and Chi-square test, with p-value <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results:The onset of anesthesia was significantly faster in Group T (5.16 ± 1.75 minutes) compared to Group C (6.04 ± 1.51 minutes) with p=0.045. Mean time to start surgery was significantly shorter in Group T (10.48 ± 1.64 minutes) than Group C (11.44 ± 1.83 minutes) with p=0.008. Group T demonstrated higher sensory dermatome levels at 5, 10, and 15 minutes compared with Group C. Positional pain score was lower in Group T, while patient and surgeon satisfaction scores were significantly higher in the ketamine group. Conclusion:Addition of ketamine to lignocaine in caudal epidural block provided faster onset of anesthesia, improved sensory blockade, better analgesia, and greater patient and surgeon satisfaction compared with lignocaine alone in adult anorectal surgeries.
Dr. Balakrishnan, Dr. Vijay Balan P· Asian Journal of Medical Res...· 0 citations
Background:Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) requires a clear and bloodless surgical field for optimal visualization and prevention of intraoperative complications. Controlled hypotension is commonly employed during FESS to reduce blood loss and improve surgical conditions. Dexmedetomidine and Propofol are widely used agents for controlled hypotensive anesthesia. The present study was conducted to compare the efficacy of dexmedetomidine and propofol infusion in achieving controlled hypotension during FESS.Methodology:This prospective randomized comparative study was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesiology at Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences from June 2025 to March 2026. A total of 100 patients aged between 18 and 40 years belonging to ASA Grade I and II undergoing elective FESS were included in the study. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups of 50 each. Group D received dexmedetomidine infusion at 0.4–0.8 μg/kg/hr, while Group P received propofol infusion at 75–100 μg/kg/min following induction of general anesthesia. Intraoperative pulse rate, mean arterial pressure, blood loss, quality of surgical field, sedation score, and complications were assessed and compared between the two groupsResults:Baseline demographic and hemodynamic parameters were comparable between the groups. Intraoperative pulse rate and mean arterial pressure were significantly lower in the dexmedetomidine group at various time intervals compared with the propofol group (p<0.05). Quality of surgical field and mean blood loss were comparable in both groups. Postoperative Ramsay sedation scores at 30 minutes were significantly higher in the propofol group (p=0.023). No major complications were observed in either group.Conclusion:Both dexmedetomidine and propofol were effective and safe agents for controlled hypotension during FESS. Dexmedetomidine provided superior intraoperative hemodynamic stability with comparable surgical field quality and blood loss, making it a useful alternative to propofol for hypotensive anesthesia in endoscopic sinus surgery.
Dr. Balakrishnan, Dr. Subhasan JV· Asian Journal of Medical Res...· 0 citations