Blockchain Enabled Cybersecurity Frameworks for Intelligent Transportation System
The rapid evolution of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) has resulted in highly connected transportation ecosystems involving vehicles, roadside infrastructure, traffic management centres, cloud platforms, edge devices, and users. Although connectivity improves traffic efficiency, road safety, and intelligent mobility, it simultaneously increases exposure to cyber threats such as data manipulation, identity spoofing, Sybil attacks, denial-of-service attacks, replay attacks, malicious node behaviour, and privacy violations. Blockchain technology provides a promising cybersecurity foundation for ITS through decentralised trust management, immutable data storage, cryptographic authentication, transparent transaction verification, and smart-contract-based access control. This paper proposes a blockchain-enabled cybersecurity framework for ITS that integrates distributed ledger technology with secure vehicle-to-vehicle, vehicle-to-infrastructure, and vehicle-to-everything communication. The framework incorporates identity management, consensus-based validation, trust evaluation, secure data sharing, intrusion detection, and privacy-preserving mechanisms. Particular emphasis is placed on lightweight consensus mechanisms and edge-assisted blockchain architectures to address the latency, computational, storage, and scalability constraints of vehicular environments. The proposed framework provides a systematic architecture for improving data integrity, authentication, accountability, privacy, and resilience against cyberattacks while supporting intelligent and safety-critical transportation services.