Kidney-on-Chip and Organoid Models: Harnessing Mechanical Forces for Translational Kidney Biology.
The FDA Modernization Act and the subsequent federal policy changes in 2025 have signaled a shift towards the use of non-animal, human-centered models for preclinical drug development and toxicity screening, emphasizing 3D cell-based, organ-on-chip, and organoid platforms as alternatives to animal models. While animal...