Association of CHI3L1 with bone turnover markers in Iraqi postmenopausal women with osteopenia and osteoporosis
Introduction Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) has been implicated in bone remodeling, but its relationship with bone turnover markers across different degrees of postmenopausal bone loss remains unclear. This study evaluated CHI3L1 together with CTX-1, NTX-1, and osteonectin (OSN) in Iraqi postmenopausal women with...