E. Stansfield

A Female Population-Averaged Musculoskeletal Model Outperforms Conventional Male-Based Generic Models in Simulating Female Gait

Most widely used lower-limb musculoskeletal models are derived from male anatomy and adapted to female participants solely by linear scaling, which may not capture sex-specific differences in pelvic and hip geometry. We developed a population-averaged, MRI-derived female lower-limb musculoskeletal model, built from MRI...