Review
Open access
Aug 2026
Privacy, security, and reliability risks of artificial intelligence in healthcare: a systematic review of empirical evidence.
This systematic review provides empirical evidence suggesting that contemporary AI systems in healthcare introduce privacy and security risks that may challenge traditional assumptions about data protection, and underscores the need for privacy- and security-by-design approaches and governance frameworks that address risks across the AI lifecycle.
Elvin Khanjahani, Shabnam Iezadi, Savannah Marshall et al.
· International Journal of Med... · 0 citations