Rethinking Coastal Spatial Planning Through Equity: Evidence from Semarang and Dutch Water Governance
Indonesia's coastal cities, particularly Semarang, face an unprecedented convergence of land subsidence (100-120 mm/year), sea-level rise, and inadequate spatial planning integration. The Semarang City Spatial Plan (RTRW 2011-2031) and the ambitious Giant Sea Wall project—a 500+ kilometer infrastructure initiative span...