Ephrance-Eunice Namugenyi

Long‐Range Spatial Modeling for Handwritten Urdu Character Recognition Using a CNN–Feature Shift Attention (FSA) Network

Handwritten Urdu script recognition remains one of the most demanding challenges in Optical Character Recognition (OCR) due to the fully cursive nature of the script, context‐sensitive allographic character forms, overlapping ligature structures, and semantically discriminative diacritical marks. Existing OCR systems,...