Immediate effects of spinal manipulation, exercise therapy, and open-label placebo on lifting performance and pain in individuals with chronic non-specific back pain: a motion laboratory-based crossover randomized controlled trial
Chronic non-specific back pain (CBP) is a leading cause of disability worldwide and is commonly associated with limitations in movements such as lifting. Although spinal manipulation (SMT) and exercise therapy (ET) are recommended treatments for CBP, their effects on objectively measured movement performance remain ins...